Installation on Ubuntu, Debian, and Mint: $ sudo apt install imagemagick -y We can do this using a tool called identify which is part of the ImageMagick package. Let’s go deeper, let’s get more metadata. This is the basic metadata that the file command can output.
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We see the picture was last modified on 28 June 2021, at 23:19:23, it was taken using a Nikon camera, model D750, it has a 4016×6016 pixels size and someone used a Windows version of the Adobe Photoshop 22.2 software to edit it. We can clearly spot some general info which can be understood regardless of your computers or photography knowledge. Image.jpg: JPEG image data, JFIF standard 1.01, aspect ratio, density 300x300, segment length 16, Exif Standard:, baseline, precision 8, 4016圆016, frames 3
The file I am using in this tutorial is simply called image.jpg and we are about to find a lot of details about it. file is used to determine the type of any file in Linux. The easiest tool and, generally, included in every Linux distribution and version is file. One important thing to keep in mind is that metadata validity is not bulletproof, it can easily be removed or modified. Knowing these details helps you understand that metadata is important for sorting, searching, analyzing, licensing, and, why not, learning photography or image editing details and techniques. Other descriptive info could be the photographer’s name, the picture title, the collection it is part of, etc. – Descriptive metadata – is, most of the time, manually added at a later stage, but some modern cameras can automatically include exact location by using GPS capabilities. This info is generated by the camera when the picture is taken. Strictly related to image files, metadata provides information that can be divided into 3 categories: – Administrative metadata – includes copyright info, details about the owner, type of license, and permitted usage terms – Technical metadata – the exact characteristics of the photograph, including, but not limited to: camera manufacturer and model image resolution, format, and size photographer “secrets” – ISO, shutter speed, white balance, lens aperture. It can be used to index multiple files in a database collection or table, it makes it easier to categorize and return search results based on a custom query. Think about it as information that describes a file and provides a deeper understanding of the data you are looking at.
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